Breast Biopsy

Overview

A breast biopsy is a medical procedure where a small sample of breast tissue is removed to check for abnormal cells. It helps doctors diagnose conditions like breast cancer, benign lumps, or other breast abnormalities. There are different types of breast biopsy procedures, including needle biopsy breast, stereotactic breast biopsy and excisional breast biopsy.

Why is a Breast Biopsy Required?

Doctors may recommend a biopsy of the breast if they notice:

A lump or thickening in the breast.

Abnormal results from a mammogram or ultrasound guided breast biopsy.

Changes in breast skin or nipple.

Unusual discharge from the nipple.

A breast biopsy process helps confirm whether the changes in the breast are cancerous or non cancerous.

Key Advantages of a Breast Biopsy

It provides a definitive diagnosis without the need for immediate surgery.

Helps in planning the right breast cancer treatment.

Minimally invasive options like core needle biopsy breast allow faster recovery.

If a clip is placed during the biopsy (clips in breast biopsy) it helps mark the location for future reference.

How Should You Prepare Before a Breast Biopsy?

Inform your doctor about any medications especially blood thinners.

Avoid using lotions, deodorants or powders on the day of the breast biopsy procedure.

Wear a comfortable bra to provide support after the biopsy.

Arrange for someone to drive you home if sedation is required.

How is a Breast Biopsy Performed?

The breast biopsy process depends on the type of biopsy:

• Fine needle aspiration (FNA): Uses a thin needle to extract fluid or tissue from the lump.
• Core needle biopsy: A larger needle is used to remove a small sample of breast tissue.
• Stereotactic breast biopsy: Uses mammogram images to guide the biopsy needle.
• Ultrasound guided breast biopsy: Uses ultrasound imaging for precise targeting.
• Excisional breast biopsy: A small surgery to remove the entire lump for examination.

What to Expect?

1. Before the Procedure:

Your doctor will explain the process and may mark the biopsy site.

You may receive local anesthesia to numb the area.

2. During the Procedure:

A small incision may be made for needle insertion.

A tissue sample is collected for testing.

The procedure usually lasts between 15 to 45 minutes.

3. After the Procedure:

You may experience mild swelling or bruising.

A small bandage will be placed over the biopsy site.

If a clip is inserted (clips in breast biopsy) it stays inside the breast and does not cause harm.

Recovery time varies but most people resume normal activities soon.

Risks and Potential Complications

While a breast biopsy is generally safe, possible risks include:

Mild pain or discomfort

Bleeding or infection at the biopsy site

Temporary swelling or bruising

Results/Outcomes

The results typically take a few days.

A doctor will inform you whether the tissue is benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) (biopsy breast cancer).

Most biopsies do not detect cancer, only about 20% of breast biopsies are cancerous.